介词后的不定式动词使用 葡萄牙语语法

在英语学习中,介词后的不定式动词使用一直是一个让许多学习者感到困惑的问题。为了帮助大家更好地掌握这一语法点,本文将详细介绍介词后的不定式动词使用规则,并提供一些实际例子和练习。

介词后的动词形式:动名词而不是不定式

在英语中,当动词跟在介词后面时,通常需要使用动名词(即动词的 -ing 形式)而不是不定式动词(即 to + 动词原形)。例如:

– He is interested in learning new languages. (他对学习新语言感兴趣。)
– She apologized for being late. (她为迟到道歉。)

在上述例子中,动词“learn”和“be”都变成了动名词形式“learning”和“being”,因为它们跟在介词“in”和“for”之后。

常见的介词+动名词结构

以下是一些常见的介词+动名词结构:

– about: talk about doing something (谈论做某事)
– after: look after doing something (照顾做某事)
– before: before doing something (在做某事之前)
– by: by doing something (通过做某事)
– for: for doing something (为了做某事)
– from: prevent someone from doing something (阻止某人做某事)
– in: succeed in doing something (成功做某事)
– on: insist on doing something (坚持做某事)
– to: look forward to doing something (期待做某事)
– with: be busy with doing something (忙于做某事)

例外情况:不定式动词的使用

虽然大多数情况下介词后应使用动名词,但也有一些例外情况。在一些特定的表达中,介词后可以跟不定式动词。例如:

– be to: He is to leave soon. (他很快就要离开。)
– in order to: They study hard in order to get good grades. (他们努力学习以取得好成绩。)

这些例子中的不定式动词“leave”和“get”都是跟在介词短语“be to”和“in order to”后面。

不定式动词与动名词的意义差异

有时,同一个动词在用作不定式和动名词时可能会有不同的意义。例如:

– remember to do something: 记得去做某事(表示要去做还未做的事)
– I remember to lock the door. (我记得去锁门。)
– remember doing something: 记得做过某事(表示回忆起已经做过的事)
– I remember locking the door. (我记得锁过门。)

– stop to do something: 停下来去做某事
– He stopped to talk to her. (他停下来和她说话。)
– stop doing something: 停止做某事
– He stopped talking. (他停止说话。)

这些例子表明,不定式和动名词的使用不仅仅是形式上的区别,它们的意义也可能有所不同。

练习部分

为了更好地掌握介词后的不定式动词使用,请尝试完成以下练习:

1. 填空题:选择合适的动词形式(动名词或不定式)。
– She is good at _______ (swim).
– They are looking forward to _______ (visit) us.
– He stopped _______ (smoke) last year.
– I remember _______ (lock) the door this morning.

2. 改错题:找出并改正句子中的错误。
– He apologized to being late.
– They succeeded on solving the problem.
– She is interested to learn new things.

3. 翻译题:将以下中文句子翻译成英文。
– 他对学习新语言很感兴趣。
– 她为迟到道歉。
– 他们期待着参观我们。

答案与解释

1. 填空题答案:
– She is good at swimming.
– They are looking forward to visiting us.
– He stopped smoking last year.
– I remember locking the door this morning.

2. 改错题答案:
– He apologized for being late.
– They succeeded in solving the problem.
– She is interested in learning new things.

3. 翻译题答案:
– He is interested in learning new languages.
– She apologized for being late.
– They are looking forward to visiting us.

通过这些练习,相信大家对介词后的不定式动词使用有了更深入的理解。在实际应用中,记得多加练习和积累,以便在各种语境中灵活运用这些语法规则。祝大家在英语学习的道路上不断进步!

利用人工智能将语言学习速度提高 5 倍

Talkpal 是一款人工智能语言辅导软件。 利用创新技术,以 5 倍的速度学习 57 种以上的语言。